The Holocaust Education Video Toolbox is a project of the Educational Technology Department at the International School for Holocaust Studies, Yad Vashem, and is supported through the generosity of Jan and Rick Cohen, USA.
Films produced by Mikooka Productions - www.mikooka.com
Every effort has been made to locate the copyright holders to obtain the appropriate permissions and apply the correct attributions. If you have any information that would help us in relation to copyright, please contact us internet.education@yadvashem.org.il.
Site developed by Yad Vashem Information Systems and the Educational Technology Department, ISHS, Yad Vashem
- Internet Department, Commemoration and Public Relations Division, Yad Vashem
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Yad Vashem International Institute for Holocaust Research
- Yad Vashem Museum Collection
- Yad Vashem Art Museum Collection
Emanuel Ringelblum: The Oneg Shabbat Underground Archive in the Warsaw Ghetto
Archival footage, photographs and documents:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Jewish Historical Institute, Warsaw
- The Netherlands Institute for Sound and Music (Beeld en Geluid)
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Footage of the discovery of the Oneg Shabbat underground archive from "Mir Leben Geblibene - We the Living Remnant" (Poland, 1947), courtesy of Natan and Ya'akov Gross
- Ghetto Fighters' House Archives, Israel
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH
- Footage of Rudolf Bohlmann used with the kind permission of Eginhard Teichmann
Texts:
- Samuel D. Kassow, Who Will Write Our History? : Rediscovering a Hidden Archive from the Warsaw Ghetto, Indiana University Press, 2009, pp. 142, 154, 190, 253.
- Emanuel Ringelblum, Notes from the Warsaw Ghetto: The Journal of Emmanuel Ringelblum, trans. Jacob Sloan, New York: Ibooks, 2006, p. 86.
- Abraham Lewin, A Cup of Tears: A Diary of the Warsaw Ghetto, ed. Antony Polonsky, trans. Christopher Hutton, (New York, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988, pp. 183-4.
Supervising Director: Mika Orr
Producer: Gili Nadav
Director: Ayelet Cohen
Editor: Ekaterina Diakova
Illustrations: Dotan Goldwaser
Animation: Yoav Brill
Production Design & After Effects: Ohad Elimelech
Sound Editor: Itai Matos
Online Editor: Dima Lydkhov
Narrator: Derek Shetterly
Rachel Auerbach and the Public Kitchen in the Warsaw Ghetto
Archival footage, photographs and documents:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Jewish Historical Institute, Warsaw
- The Netherlands Institute for Sound and Music (Beeld en Geluid)
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Footage of the discovery of the Oneg Shabbat underground archive from "Mir Leben Geblibene - We the Living Remnant" (Poland, 1947), courtesy of Natan and Ya'akov Gross
- Ghetto Fighters' House Archives, Israel
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH
- Footage of Rudolf Bohlmann used with the kind permission of Eginhard Teichmann
Texts:
- Samuel D. Kassow, Who Will Write Our History? : Rediscovering a Hidden Archive from the Warsaw Ghetto, Indiana University Press, 2009, pp. 142, 154, 190, 253.
- Emanuel Ringelblum, Notes from the Warsaw Ghetto: The Journal of Emmanuel Ringelblum, trans. Jacob Sloan, New York: Ibooks, 2006, p. 86.
- Abraham Lewin, A Cup of Tears: A Diary of the Warsaw Ghetto, ed. Antony Polonsky, trans. Christopher Hutton, (New York, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988, pp. 183-4.
Supervising Director: Mika Orr
Producer: Gili Nadav
Director: Ayelet Cohen
Editor: Ekaterina Diakova
Illustrations: Dotan Goldwaser
Animation: Yoav Brill
Production Design & After Effects: Ohad Elimelech
Sound Editor: Itai Matos
Online Editor: Dima Lydkhov
Narrator: Derek Shetterly
The Jewish Letter Carrier in the Warsaw Ghetto, by Peretz Opoczynski
Archival footage, photographs and documents:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Ghetto Fighters' House Archives, Israel
- Jewish Historical Institute, Warsaw
Texts:
- Kassow Samuel D. [ed.], In Those Nightmarish Days. The Ghetto Reportage of Peretz Opoczynski and Josef Zelkowicz, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2015.
Director: Mika Orr
Producer: Gili Nadav
Art Director, Design and Animation - Jewboy Corp™: Yaron Shin
Art and Illustration: Tslil Yogev
Animation: Guy Ben Haim
Narration: Bryan Kopta
Music by: Adam Ben Amiti
Cello: Maya Belsitzman
Production design & after effects: Ohad Elimelech
Sound editor: Itai Matos
The Oneg Shabbat Archive Collections: The Wills of Israel Lichtenstein and Gele Sekstein
Archival footage, photographs and documents:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Jewish Historical Institute, Warsaw
- Ghetto Fighters' House Archives, Israel
- Footage of the discovery of the Oneg Shabbat underground archive from "Mir Leben Geblibene - We the Living Remnant" (Poland, 1947), courtesy of Natan and Ya'akov Gross
- Footage of the Warsaw Ghetto, YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- The Netherlands Institute for Sound and Music (Beeld en Geluid)
Texts:
- Samuel D. Kassow, Who Will Write Our History? : Rediscovering a Hidden Archive from the Warsaw Ghetto, Indiana University Press, 2009, pp. 142, 154, 190, 253.
- Emanuel Ringelblum, Notes from the Warsaw Ghetto: The Journal of Emmanuel Ringelblum, trans. Jacob Sloan, New York: Ibooks, 2006, p. 86.
- Abraham Lewin, A Cup of Tears: A Diary of the Warsaw Ghetto, ed. Antony Polonsky, trans. Christopher Hutton, (New York, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988, pp. 183-4.
Director: Mika Orr
Producer: Gili Nadav
Editor: Ekaterina Diakova
Production design & After effects: Ohad Elimelech
Sound Editorr: Itai Matos
Online Editor: Dima Lydkhov
Narrator: Ross - The Voice Realm
Narration of Israel Lichtenstein: Michael - The Voice Realm
Narration of Gala Zakstein: Joy Pincus
The Great Deportation in the Warsaw Ghetto - Abraham Lewin's Diary
Archival footage, photographs and documents:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Ghetto Fighters' House Archives, Israel
- Jewish Historical Institute, Warsaw
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Footage of the discovery of the Oneg Shabbat underground archive from "Mir Leben Geblibene - We the Living Remnant" (Poland, 1947), courtesy of Natan and Ya'akov Gross
- Photo Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- The Netherlands Institute for Sound and Music (Beeld en Geluid)
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Texts:
- Abraham Lewin, A Cup of Tears: A Diary of the Warsaw Ghetto, ed. Antony Polonsky, trans. Christopher Hutton, (New York, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988). pp. 135-137, 139, 141, 151-156, 162, 166, 177, 179, 183-184, 186, 206-207.
Supervising Director: Mika Orr
Producer: Gili Nadav
Director and Editor: Shimon Spector
Production design & After effects: Ohad Elimelech
Sound Editor: Itai Matos
Online Editor: Dima Lydkhov
Narration of Avraham Lewin Narration: Michael Harpaz
The Auschwitz Album - Guidelines for Educators
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive
- Yad Vashem Archives - The Oral History Section
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Quotes from:
- Ester Krein, Yad Vashem Archive, 0.3/10077
- Helena Cytron, Yad Vashem Archive, 0.3/6766
- David Schlesinger, [Hebrew] מבירקנאו עד לשחרור ועד שובי למקום הולדתי, להבות חביבה, 2008.
Survivors' Return to Life - Part 1
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Yad Vashem Archives - The Oral History Section
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Material and quotes from:
- Abba Kovner, ‘Scrolls of Fire’ in the study kit Return to Life - The Holocaust Survivors: From Liberation to Rehabilitation, produced by Beth Hatefutsoth, Tel Aviv; Ghetto Fighters' House, Kibbutz Lohamai Hagetaot; Yad Vashem, Jerusalem; Tel Aviv, 1995.
- The Anguish of Liberation - Testimonies from 1945, edited by Y. Kleiman and N. Springer- Aharoni, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, 1995.
- Yad Vashem Archive
Survivors' Return to Life - Part 2
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Yad Vashem Museum Collection.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- The Joint Archives, New York
- Kibbutz Haogen’s Archive. Filmed by Yithak Herbert
Material and quotes from:
1. Study kit Return to Life - The Holocaust Survivors: From Liberation to Rehabilitation, produced by Beth Hatefutsoth, Tel Aviv; Ghetto Fighters' House, Kibbutz Lohamai Hagetaot; Yad Vashem, Jerusalem; Tel Aviv, 1995.
- Yehudit Hemendinger, Perspectives on Holocaust Survivors. A Psychological Approach to the Study of the jewish People, Miriam Reiter-Tzedek, ed., The Institution for the Study of the Jewish People, May, 1984
- Pinhas varshavsky. in Idit Witman, Unser Stimme (Our Voice), the first journal of the survivors, Gesher 4, 1987.
2. The Anguish of Liberation - Testimonies from 1945, edited by Y. Kleiman and N. Springer- Aharoni, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, 1995.
3. Yad Vashem Archives
Teaching the Holocaust Using Art
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Yad Vashem Art Museum Collection
- Felix-Nussbaum-Haus Osnabrück, loan from the Niedersächsische Sparkassenstiftung
Artworks:
- Felix Nussbaum (1904-1944)
The Refugee (European Vision), 1939
Oil on canvas
61x76 cm.
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
- Halina Olomucki (1921-2007)
Pencil and crayon on paper
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
- Carol Deutsch (1894-1944)
“In her mouth was an olive leaf” (Genesis 8:11), 1941-1942
Gouache, India ink and crayon on paper
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
Bequest of the artist’s daughter, Ingrid Hendrickx Abrams, Chicago
This video features many artworks related to the Holocaust. Artwork credits can be found here.
Illustrations - Liz Elsby.
Material from:
- Petr Ginz quote from Petr Ginz, The Diary of Petr Ginz, 1941-1942, ed. Chava Pressburger, trans. Elena Lappin (New York: Grove Press, 2007), p. 133.
Teaching the Holocaust Using Photographs
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Yad Vashem Museum Collection
- The Yad Vashem Visual Center
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Ghetto Fighters' House Museum, Israel / Photo Archive
- Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto.
Material from:
Lodz Ghetto Album: The photographs of Henryk Ross, Archive of Modern Conflict & Chris Boot, Ltd, London, 2004. Courtesy Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto.
Film segments:
- Memories of the Eichmann Trial, Director: David Perlov (1979, Israel). Produced by: Israel Broadcasting Authority- Channel 1 Restoration (2011) produced by Yad Vashem – The Visual Center, Producers: Yael Perlov, Liat Benhabib With the support of the Forum for the Preservation of Audio-Visual Memory in Israel
- Eichmann Trial testimony - Israel State Archives
What is the Holocaust?
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Museum Collection.
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- The Netherlands Institute for Sound and Music (Beeld en Geluid).
The Development of the Final Solution
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Archive
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Yad Vashem Museum Collection.
- The Yad Vashem Visual Center
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Footage of Rudolf Bohlmann used with the kind permission of Eginhard Teichmann.
- Staatsarchivs Stuttgart.
- The Netherlands Institute for Sound and Music (Beeld en Geluid).
The Educational Philosophy of the International School for Holocaust Studies, Yad Vashem
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Museum Collection.
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Steven Spielberg Jewish Film Archive, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Central Zionist Archives, WZO.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
Poetry in Holocaust Education
Poem credits in order of appearance:
- Primo Levi, "Shema", in Primo Levy, Collected Poems, Faber & Faber, p. 9.
- Dan Pagis, "Written in Pencil in the Sealed Railway-Car" in Dan Pagis, The Selected Poetry of Dan Pagis, translated by Stephen Mitchell (University of California Press, 1989).
- Haim Gouri, "Heritage" in Hilda Schiff (Ed.), Holocaust Poetry (New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1995), p. 5. (courtesy of ACUM)
Artwork:
Zinovii Tolkatchev (1903-1977)
Taleskoten, 1944
Gouache, charcoal and crayon on paper
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem.
Gift of Sigmund A. Rolat, New York, in memory of his parents, Henryk and Mania, who perished in the Holocaust.
Cain and Abel - Josep Vergara.
The Sacrifice of Isaac - Caravaggio.
Illustrations - Liz Elsby, International School for Holocaust Studies, Yad Vashem.
Archival footage:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Teaching about the Perpetrators: A Case Study
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Yad Vashem Archives - The Oral History Section.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Duesseldorf police
- Wiener Library
- Villa ten Hompel
- Staatsarchivs Coesfeld
- Stadtarchiv Hildesheim
- Staatsarchivs Stuttgart
- The Netherlands Institute for Sound and Music (Beeld en Geluid)
Material from:
- Irena Steinfeld (ed.), How Was it Humanly Possible?, Yad Vashem 2002, 184 pages.
Using Holocaust Testimony in the Classroom
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- Yad Vashem Archives - The Oral History Section
- Yad Vashem - Media Relations Devision
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- The Yad Vashem Visual Center
- Gathering the Fragments - National Campaign to Rescue Personal Items from the Holocaust Period.
Using the Study Unit "Everyday Life in the Warsaw Ghetto - 1941" in the Classroom
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Footage of Rudolf Bohlmann used with the kind permission of Eginhard Teichmann.
Resistance
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- USC Shoah Foundation.
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum Archives.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Footage of the Warsaw Ghetto, YIVO Institute for Jewish Research.
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Footage of Rudolf Bohlmann used with the kind permission of Eginhard Teichmann.
- US Holocaust Memorial Museum, gift of the Gasul Family.
- Documentation Centre of Austrian Resistance.
- The Kingsport Times.
- The Oil City Derrick.
- The Associated Press.
- The Lowell Sun.
- Photograph of the Hellman Family (Avraham-Adolf, Charlotte, Max-Mordecai, Lilly and Edith-Rina), courtesy of Micha Hellman, Kfar Tavor, Israel.
Material and quotes from:
- Echoes & Reflections, Teacher’s Resource Guide, a publication of the Anti-Defamation League, USC Shoah Foundation and Yad Vashem.
- Abba Kovner Manifesto courtesy The Moreshet Archive, Mordechai Anielevich Memorial Holocaust Study and Research Center
- Yad Vashem Archive
Supervising Director: Mika Orr
Director: Amit Shamir
Producer: Gili Nadav
Editor: Ekaterina Diakova
Art Director, Design and Animation: Jewboy Corp™: Yaron Shin
Art and Illustration: Tslil Yogev
Photoshop Design: Yael Lapid Tanami
Production Design & After Effects: Ohad Elimelech
Sound Editor: Itai Matos
Online Editor: Dima Lydkhov
Narrator: Michael Harpaz
Narration of Yitzhak "Antek" Zuckerman: Doug - The Voice Realm
Narration of Abba Kovner: Connor - The Voice Realm
Narration of Mordechai Anielewicz: Bryan - The Voice Realm
The Ghettos
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Photo Archive.
- Yad Vashem Film Archive.
- © Jüdisches Museum Frankfurt am Main / Photo: Walter Genewein.
- Agentur Karl Höffkes.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Footage of Rudolf Bohlmann used with the kind permission of Eginhard Teichmann.
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- The testimonies of Ellis Lewin and Eva Safferman are taken from archive of the USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education. For more information: http://sfi.usc.edu/.
Poetry in Holocaust Education: 'Testimony' by Dan Pagis
Poem credit:
- Dan Pagis, Testimony : Hilda Schiff (Ed.), Holocaust Poetry, St. Martin's Griffin, New York 1995, p. 43
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Yad Vashem Art Museum Collection
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Mark Knobil - Darfur refugee camp in Chad, 2005
- Albeiro Rodas - Tuol Sleng Museum, Cambodia, July 2006
- TSgt. Marv Krause - Rwandan refugees, Camp Kimbumba, Zaire, 1994. VIRIN: J-3003-SPT-94-04-0004-0683
- Adam Jones, Ph.D - Genocide Memorial Center, Kigali, Rwanda
- Fanny Schertzer - Nyamata Memorial Site, mass graves
This video features many artworks related to the Holocaust. Artwork credits can be found here.
Artists of Terezin: Petr Ginz
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Archives.
- Yad Vashem Art Museum Collection.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Beit Terezin
- Photo Archive, Jewish Museum in Prague
Artwork:
Petr Ginz (1928-1944)
“Vedem”, Theresienstadt Ghetto, 1942 – 1944
Watercolor and pencil on paper
21x14 cm
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
Gift of Otto Ginz, Haifa
This video features many artworks related to the Holocaust. Artwork credits can be found here.
Glimpses of Jewish Life before the Holocaust
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Steven Spielberg Jewish Film Archive, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the World Zionist organization.
- EYE Filmmuseum, the Netherlands
Quotes from:
Tatelbaum, Itzhak. Through Our Eyes – Children Witness the Holocaust, Yad Vashem International School for Holocaust Stady, Jerusalem 2004.
Roots of Nazi Ideology
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Archives.
- Color glass slide of a genealogical chart of an 'asocial'- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum individual - United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of University of Muenster
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Carl Heinrich Bloch (1834–1890) - The Last Supper
- Giotto di Bondone (1304–1306) - The Arrest of Christ
- Ecclesia and Synagogaת Notre Dame de Paris - Nitot
- History of Science Collections, University of Oklahoma Libraries - Morton Race Table - A table from Types of Mankind, by Josiah Clark Nott and George Robert Gliddon, 1854.
- Otmar von Verschuer with twins - Archiv der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin-Dahlem
Artists of Terezin: Leo Haas
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Archives.
- Yad Vashem Art Museum Collection.
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Beit Terezin
- Photo Archive, Jewish Museum in Prague
- Ghetto Fighters' House Museum, Israel / Photo Archive
Artwork:
Leo (Lev) Haas (1901–1983)
SS Hund, 1968 (based on 1943)
Aquatint on paper
21.7x28.5 cm
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
Gift of Mr. Edward Singer, New Jersey, courtesy of Mr. E. Mann
This video features many artworks related to the Holocaust. Artwork credits can be found here.
Teaching the Holocaust Using Sports
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of National Archives and Records Administration, College Park - A notice announcing an upcoming public meeting, to urge Americans to boycott the 1936 Berlin Olympics
The testimony of Margareta Gretel Lambert Bergmann is taken from USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education
Antisemitism
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- The Yad Vashem Visual Center
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum - Poster for the Munich exhibition of “The Eternal Jew,” 1936. US Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Julius Goldstein
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Bundesfilm archiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Central Zionist Archives
- Stadtarchiv Nürnberg
- USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education
- NIOT - Footage courtesy of Not In Our Town © Learn more at NIOT.org.
- Fredrik Varfjell, AFP
- Linda kastrup, AFP
- Aurelien Meunier, Getty Images News
- AFP
- Justin Tallis, AFP
- Sion Touhig, Getty Images News
The testimonies of H.Henry Sinason and Esther Clifford are taken from USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education. For more information, http://sfi.usc.edu/
The "Final Solution": Jewish Life on the Brink of Death
Archival footage and photographs:
- Yad Vashem The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority:
- Yad Vashem Archives
- The Yad Vashem Visual Center
- Yad Vashem Art Museum Collection
- Yad Vashem Museum Collecion.
- Internet Department, Commemoration and Public Relations Division, Yad Vashem
- Gathering the Fragments - A National Campaign to Rescue Personal Items from the Holocaust Period
- Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- Agentur Karl Höffkes
- Bundesfilmarchiv/Transit Film GmbH.
- Shlomo Breznitz - private collection.
- Amichai.Braverman -private collection.
- The testimony of holocaust survivor Ellis Lewin is taken from USC Shoa Foundation - The Institute for Visual History and Education. For more information, http://sfi.usc.edu/
Artworks:
- Zinovii Tolkatchev (1903-1977)
Silence, Auschwitz Concentration Camp, 1945
Pencil on paper
29.3x21 cm
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
Gift of Anel Tolkacheva and Ilya Tolkachev, Kiev
- Zinovii Tolkatchev (1903-1977)
Appell, Majdanek concentration camp, 1944
Gouache, charcoal and crayon on paper
63.9x43.8 cm
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
Gift of Sigmund A. Rolat of New York in loving memory of his parents Henryk and
Mania, who perished in the Holocaust
- Zinovii Tolkatchev (1903-1977)
Winter, Majdanek concentration camp, 1944
Charcoal and crayon on paper
62.1x47.8 cm
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
Gift of Sigmund A. Rolat of New York in loving memory of his parents Henryk and
Mania who perished in the Holocaust.
- Zinovii Tolkatchev (1903-1977)
Prisoners' Bunks , Auschwitz Concentration Camp, 1945
Pencil on paper
29.7x20.6 cm
Collection of the Yad Vashem Art Museum, Jerusalem
Gift of Anel Tolkacheva and Ilya Tolkachev, Kiev
Material and quotes from:
- Roman Frister ,The Cap or The price of Life, Weidenfeld and Nicolson,1999 pp. 324-325
- Tzila Lieberman, Tzelinka,Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, p. 78.[Hebrew]
Liberators and Survivors: The First Moments
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