The Lexicon entries below explore significant Holocaust-related events, topics, places and personalities and are based on Yad Vashem's Encyclopedia of the Holocaust.
- Rab
- Race and Resettlement Main Office
- Racism
- Rademacher, Franz
- Radom
- Rasch, Emil Otto
- Rauff Walther
- Rauschning, Hermann
- Ravensbrueck
- Rayman, Marcel
- Rayski, Abraham
- Red Cross, International
- Red Orchestra
- Refugees
- Reich Representation of German Jews
- Reich Union of Jewish Frontline Soldiers
- Reichskommissariat Ostland
- Reichskommissariat Ukraine
- Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA )
- Reichstag
- Reik, Haviva
- Relief and Rescue Committee of Budapest
- Relief Committee for the Warstricken Jewish Population (RELICO)
- Reparations and Restitutions
- Repatriates
- Representative Council of French Jews
- Rescue Committee of the Jewish Agency in Turkey
- Rescue of Children
- Rescue of Polish Jews via East Asia
- Resistance, Jewish
- Ressortes
- Rhodes
- Ribbentrop, Joachim von
- Richter, Gustav
- Riefenstahl, Leni
- Riegner Cable
- Riga
- Righteous Among the Nations
- Ringelblum, Emanuel
- Robota, Rosa
- Rohm, Ernst
- Romania
- Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
- Rosenberg, Alfred
- Rowecki, Stefan
- Rufajzen, Oswald
- Rumbula
- Rumkowski, Mordechai Chaim