The Lexicon entries below explore significant Holocaust-related events, topics, places and personalities and are based on Yad Vashem's Encyclopedia of the Holocaust.
- SA
- Sachsenhausen
- Sajmiste
- Saliege, Jules-Gerard
- Salonika
- Sans-Briz, Angel
- Satu-Mare
- Sauckel, Fritz
- Schacht, Hjalmar
- Schellenberg, Walter
- Schindler, Oskar
- Schiper, Ignacy (Yitzhak)
- Schmid, Anton
- Schonfeld, Solomon
- Schwartz, Joseph J.
- Schwarzbart, Ignacy Isaac
- SD
- Secureni
- Selektion
- Sendler, Irena
- Serbia
- Sered
- Sereni, Enzo
- Seyss-Inquart, Arthur
- Shanghai
- Sheptytsky, Andrei
- Sherit Hapleta
- Shnip, Anton
- Shur, Kalman Maushovich
- Sighet Marmatiei
- Sikorski, Wladyslaw Eugeniusz
- Silesia, Eastern Upper
- Silver, Abba Hillel
- Sima, Horia
- Simaite, Ona
- Sixth Slovak Brigade
- Skarzysko-Kamienna
- Skobtsova, Elizaveta (Mother Maria)
- Sletten, Ingebjorg
- Sletten, Ingebjorg
- Slovak National Uprising
- Slovakia
- Sobibor
- Sonderkommando
- Sousa Mendes, Aristides de
- Soviet Union
- Spain
- Speer, Albert
- Sporrenberg, Jacob
- Sprachregelung
- SS
- St. Louis
- Stab in the Back Myth
- Stahlecker, Franz Walter
- Stalin, Joseph Vissarionovich
- Stangl, Franz
- Starachowice
- Statut des Juifs
- Stauffenberg, Claus Count Schenk Von
- Stern, Samu
- Sternbuch, Recha
- Strasshof
- Streicher, Julius
- Stroop, Juergen
- Struma
- Stuermer, Der
- Stulpnagel, Karl Heirich von
- Stutthof
- Sugihara, Sempo
- Survivors
- Survivors, Second Generation of
- Sutzkever, Abraham
- Swastika
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Szalasi, Ferenc
- Szenes, Hannah
- Szlengel, Wladyslaw
- Sztehlo, Gabor
- Sztojay, Dome