Selected Bibliography

Archive Collections 

• Arhiva Naţională a Republicii Moldova (ANRM, Chisinau) - National Archive of the Republic of Moldova. 

• Arhiva Serviciului de Informaţii şi Securitate a Republicii Moldova (ASISRM, Chisinau) - Archive of the Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova. 

• Arkhiv Ministerstva vnutrennikh del SSSR (MVD SSSR, Moscow) – Archive of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u Avtonomniy Respublitsi Krym (APSBU, Simferopol) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u (v) Zhytomyrs'kiy oblasti (APSBU, Zhitomir) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in Zhytomyr Oblast. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u Cherkas'kiy oblasti (APSBU, Cherkassy) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in Cherkasy Oblast. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u Chernihivs'kiy oblasti (APSBU, Chernihiv) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in Chernihiv Oblast. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u Dnipropetrovs'kiy oblasti (APSBU, Dnipro) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u Poltavs'kiy oblasti (APSBU, Poltava) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in Poltava Oblast. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u Rivnens'kiy oblasti (APSBU, Rivne) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in Rivne Oblast. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u Vinnyts'kiy oblasti (APSBU, Vinnytsya) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in Vinnytsia Oblast. 

• Arkhivnyi pidrozdil USBU u Volyns'kiy oblasti (APSBU, Luts'k) - Archive Department of the Security Service of Ukraine in Volyn Oblast. 

• Bundesarchiv-Militaerarchiv, Freiburg (Bundesarchiv, Freiburg) – Military Archive of the Bundesarchiv. 

• Center for Jewish Art, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. 

• Derzhavny arkhiv Volyns'koy oblasti (DAVO, Luts'k) - State Archive of Volyn Oblast. 

• Derzhavny arkhiv Zhytomyrs'koy oblasti (DAZhO, Zhitomir) - State Archive of Zhytomyr Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv Cherkas'koi oblasti (DAChO, Cherkasy) - State Archive of Cherkasy Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv Ivano-Frankivs'koi oblasti (DAIFO, Ivano-Frankivs'k) - State Archive of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv Khmelnyts'koi oblasti (DAKhO, Khmelnyts'kyi) - State Archive of Khmelnytskiy Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv Kirovohrads'koi oblasti (DAKO, Kropyvnyts'kyi) - State Archive of Kirovohrad Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv Kyivs'koi oblasti (DAKO, Kiev) - State Archive of Kiev Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv Poltavs'koi oblasti (DAPO, Poltava) - State Archive of Poltava Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv Rivnens'koi oblasti (DARO, Rivne) - State Archive of Rivne Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv Ternopils'koi oblasti (DATO, Ternopil') - State Archive of Ternopil Oblast. 

• Derzhavnyi arkhiv u Avtonomniy Respublitsi Krym (DAARK, Simferopol) - State Archive of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. 

• Die Bundesbeauftragter fuer die Unterlagen des Staatssicherheitsdienstes der ehemaligen Deutschen Demokratischen Republik (BStU) - Federal Authority for the Files of the State Security Service of the Former German Democratic Republic. 

• Gosudarstvenny arkhiv Vitebskoy oblasti (GAVO, Vitebsk) - State Archive of Vitebsk Oblast. 

• Gosudarstvennyi archive Bryanskoy oblasti (GABO, Bryansk) - State Archive of Bryansk Oblast. 

• Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Brestskoy oblasti (GABO, Brest) - State Archive of Brest Oblast. 

• Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Gomel'skoy oblasti (GAGO, Gomel) - State Archive of Gomel Oblast. 

• Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Mogilevskoi oblasti (GAMO, Mogilev) - State Archive of Mogilev Oblast. 

• Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Pskovskoy oblasti (GAPO, Pskov) - State Archive of Pskov Oblast. 

• Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii (GARF, Moscow) – State Archive of the Russian Federation. 

• Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rostovskoy oblasti (GARO, Rostov-on-Don) - State Archive of Rostov Oblast. 

• Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Smolenskoy oblasti (GASO, Smolensk) - State Archive of Smolensk Oblast. 

• Gosudartvenny arkhiv Tverskoy oblasti (GATO, Tver') - State Archive of Tver Oblast. 

• Haluzevyi derzhavnyi arkhiv Sluzhby Bezpeky Ukrainy (HDASBU, Kiev) - Sectoral State Archive of the Security Services of Ukraine. 

• Muzejs "Ebreji Latvijā," Riga - The "Jews in Latvia" Museum. 

• Natsional'na biblioteka Ukrainy im. V. I. Vernads'koho, Instytut rukopysu (NBUV, Kiev) - The V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, Manuscript Department. 

• Natsionalny arkhiv Respubliki Kalmykiya (NARK, Elista) - National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. 

• Natsionalnyi arkhiv Respubliki Belarus (NARB, Minsk) - National Archive of the Republic of Belarus. 

• NIOD, Amsterdam, Nederland (NIOD, Amsterdam). 

• Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sotsial'no-politicheskoi istorii (RGASPI, Moscow) – Russian State Archive of Social and Political History. 

• Tovarystvo Yevreiskoi kultury im. Eliezera Shteinbarha (TYKESh, Chernivtsy) - Eliezer Steinbarg Jewish Cultural Society. 

• Tsentral'nii derzhavnii arkhiv hromads'kikh ob"ednan' Ukrainy (TsDAGOU, Kiev) –  Central State Archive of Public Associations of Ukraine. 

• Tsentral'nyi derzhavnyi arkhiv vyshchykh orhaniv vlady ta upravlinnia Ukrainy (TsDAVOU, Kiev) - Central State Archive of the Highest Organs of Government and Administration of Ukraine. 

• Tsentralnyi Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Ministerstva oborony Rossiiskoi Federatsii (TsAMO, Podol'sk) – Central State Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. 

• Tsentralyi archiv gosudarstvennoi bezopasnosti Respubliki Belarus (TsAKGBRB, Minsk) – National Archive of State Security of the Republic of Belarus. 

• USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education, California (USC Shoah Foundation). 

• Vojenský historický archiv (Military History Archive, Prague). 

• Yad Vashem Archives (YVA). 

• Zentrale Stelle der Landesjustizverwaltungen zur Aufklaerung nationalsozialistischer Verbrechen (ZENTRALE STELLE, Ludwigsburg) – Central Office of the State Justice Administrations for the Investigation of National Socialist Crimes.  

• Żydowski Instytut Historyczny (ZIH, Warsaw) – Jewish Historical Institute. 

Filmography 

• Embers – An Encounter with Soviet Jewry, summer 1990 (Israel, 1990) Series Director & Editor: Chaim Yavin. Courtesy IBA film archive, Channel 1. 

• Exodus Village (Belorussia, 2000) Produced and directed by Felix Kuchar, Production Company: Belorussian Video Center. 

• Farewell, Yerushalayim de Lita (Lithuania, Germany, 1994) Director: Saulius Beržinis, Production Company: Film Studio Kopa. 

• Grozovo (Belorussia, 2004). 

• Holocaust in Buczacz (1991) Producer: Shosh Kremer-Tene. 

• Interview with Reinhard Wiener, German Photographer of the Murder Operation in Liepaja. The interview was given on September 27, 1981, Beit Berl, Yad Vashem Archive. 

• Jewish Cemeteries and Monuments in Lithuania (USSR, 1991) Producer: Boris Kaplan. 

• Memorial Ceremony in Dzerzhinsk, August 25, 1998. 

• The Jewish Cemetery (USSR, 1989) Directed by and courtesy: Rafail Nahmanovich & Yuriy Maryamov, Production Company: Tzentrnauchfilm. 

• Journey Through Time (Israel, October 17, 2008) Produced and directed by Mordechai Kirschenbaum. Courtesy Mordechai Kirschenbaum and Channel 10 News. 

• The Liquidation of the Lachwa Ghetto: Testimony given by Ivan Zababukha (Israel, 1995). Courtesy Kopel Kolpaniczki. 

• Mass Murder Operation of Jews in Liepaja (Latvia, 1941) Yad Vashem, The Visual Center, Bundesarchive – Filmarchive, Berlin. 

• Memorial Ceremony, Brailov, Ukraine (Ukraine, 2002) Director: Tatyana Grechanivska, Production Company: Bita Channel. Courtesy Iosif & Maria Lerner. 

• Memorial Ceremony for the Martyrs of Lachwa (USSR, 1991) Courtesy the Commemoration & Public Relations Division of Yad Vashem. 

• Monument Unveiling in Honor of the Jews of Pushkin (Russia, 1991). 

• Pages of Jewish History (Russia, 2000) Produced and directed by Marina Pavlovskaja Veremeenko, Production Company: TRK Aktzent. 

• We Remember Lachwa (Israel, 1994) Director: Chaya Bachar-Yisraeli, Producer: Yitzhak Zonnenschein, Jewish Heritage Unit, IBA. Courtesy IBA film archive, Channel 1. 

General Books 

• Altshuler, Mordechai. Soviet Jewry on the Eve of the Holocaust: A Social and Demographic Profile. Jerusalem: The Center for Research of East European Jewry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Yad Vashem, 1998). 

• Altshuler, Mordechai, Distribution of the Jewish Population of the USSR 1939. Jerusalem: The Center for Research of East European Jewry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Yad Vashem, 1993. 

• Bankier, David and Israel Gutman, eds. Nazi Europe and the Final Solution. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2003. 

• Browning, Christopher. The Origins of the Final Solution. The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, September 1939 - March 1942. London: Heinemann, 2004. 

• Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities (Pinkas Hakehilot). Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 1976-2005 (in Hebrew). 

• Gilbert, Martin. The Holocaust: A History of the Jews in Europe During the Second World War. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1985. 

• Gutman, Israel, ed.-in-chief. The Encyclopedia of the Holocaust (New York: Macmillan, 1990. 

• Hilberg, Raul. The Destruction of the European Jews (Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1961). definitive edition New York: Holmes and Meier, 1985. 

• Megargee, Geoffrey et al, eds. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2009–2018. 3 vols. 

• Memorial books collection, Yad Vashem Library. 

• Miron, Guy and Shlomit Shulhani, eds., The Yad Vashem Encyclopedia of the Ghettos during the Holocaust. Yad Vashem: Jerusalem, 2009. 

• Rhodes, Richard, Masters of Death, The SS-Einsatzgruppen and the Invention of the Holocaust. New York: Knopf, 2002. 

Books About the Jews of the Former USSR 

• Adamushko, Vladimir, Inna Gerasimova, and Vyacheslav Selemenev, eds. The Executioners Testify: The Annihilation of the Jews on the Occupied Territory of Belarus, 1941-1944, Minsk, 2009 (in Russian). 

• Agmon Pinchas and Anatoly Stepanenko, eds. Vinnitsa Region: Shoah and Resistance. Tel Aviv-Kiev, 1994 (in Russian). 

• Altman, Ilya, ed. Encyclopedia of the Holocaust on the Territory of the USSR, Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2009 (in Russian). 

• Altman, Ilya. Victims of Hatred: Holocaust in the USSR 1941-1945. Moscow, 2002) (in Russian). 

• Altshuler, Mordechai. “Jewish Holocaust Commemoration Activity in the USSR Under Stalin,” in Yad Vashem Studies, 30, pp. 271-296. 

• Altshuler, Mordechai. “The Unique Features of the Holocaust in the Soviet Union,” in Yaacov Ro'i, ed., Jews and Jewish Life in Russia and the Soviet Union. Ilford, Essex: Cass, 1995, pp. 171-188. 

• Ancel, Jean. History of the Holocaust: Romania. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2002. 2 vols. (in Hebrew) 

• Ancel, Jean. Transnistria, 1941-1942: The Romanian mass murder campaigns. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University, 2003. 3 vols. (in English and Romanian). 

• Angrick, Andrej. Besatzungspolitik und Massenmord: Die Einsatzgruppe D in der südlichen Sowjetunion 1941–1943. Hamburg: Hamburger Edition, 2003. 

• Arad Yitzhak, ed. The Annihilation of the Jews of the USSR During the German Occupation (1941-1944). Jerusalem; Yad Vashem, 1991 (in Russian). 

• Arad, Yitzhak, Shmuel Krakowski, and Shmuel Spector, eds. The Einsatzgruppen Reports. New York: Holocaust Library, 1989. 

• Arad, Yitzhak. The Holocaust in the Soviet Union. Lincoln and Jerusalem: University of Nebraska Press and Yad Vashem, 2009. 

• Arad, Yitzhak. History of the Holocaust – The Soviet Union and the Annexed Territories. Yad Vashem: Jerusalem, 2004 (in Hebrew). 

• Bachrach, Zwi, ed. Last Letters from Shoah. Jerusalem-New York: Devora Publishing; Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2004. 

• Bankier, David, ed. Expulsion and Extermination: Holocaust Testimonials from Provincial Lithuania. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2011. 

• Bartov, Omer. Anatomy of a Genocide: The Life and Death of a Town Called Buczacz. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2018. 

• Bartov, Omer. Erased: Vanishing Traces of Jewish Galicia in Present-Day Ukraine. Princeton University Press: Princeton and Oxford, 2007. 

• Bauer, Yehuda. The Death of the Shtetl. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009. 

• Beorn, Whiteman Wade. Marching into Darkness. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2014. 

• Berkhoff, Karel C., Harvest of Despair: Life and Death in Ukraine under Nazi Rule. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004. 

• Brandon Ray and Wendy Lower, eds. The Shoah in Ukraine: History, Testimony, Memorialization. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008. 

• Brooks, Crispin and Kiril Feferman, eds. Beyond the Pale: The Holocaust in the North Caucasus, Rochester. NY: University of Rochester Press, 2020. 

• Burds, Jeffrey. The Holocaust in Rovno: The massacre at Sosenki Forest, November 1941. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. 

• Chernoglazova, Raisa, ed. The Tragedy of Byelorussia’s Jews. Collection of materials and documents. Minsk, 1997 (in Russian). 

• Cholawski, Shalom. Beleaguered in Town and Forest. Tel Aviv, 1973 (in Hebrew). 

• Cholawski, Shalom. The Jews of Byelorussia during World War II. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1998. 

• Cueppers, Martin. Wegbereiter der Shoah: die Waffen-SS, der Kommandostab Reichenfuehrer-SS und die Judenvernichtung 1939-1945. Darmstadt: 
  Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2005. 

• Curilla, Wolfgang. Die deutsche Ordnungspolizei und der Holocaust im Baltikum und in Weissrussland, 1941-1944. Paderborn: F. Schoeningh, 2005. 

• David-Fox, Michael, Peter Holquist, and Alexander M. Martin, eds. The Holocaust in the East: Local Perpetrators and Soviet Responses. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2014. 

• Dean, Martin. Collaboration in the Holocaust: Crimes of the Local Police in Belorussia and Ukraine, 1941–44. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000. 

• Desbois, Patrick. The Holocaust by Bullets: A Priest’s Journey to Uncover the Truth behind the Murder of 1.5 Million Jews. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. 

• Dieckmann, Christoph and Saulius Sužiedėlis. The Persecution and Mass Murder of Lithuanian Jews during Summer and Fall of 1941. Vilna: Margi Raštai, 2006. 

• Dieckmann, Christoph. Deutsche Besatzungspolitik in Litauen 1941–1944. Göttingen: Wallstein, 2011, 2 vols. 

• Dobroszycki, Lucjan and Jeffrey S. Gurock, eds. The Holocaust in the Soviet Union, Studies and Sources on the Destruction of the Jews in the Nazi-Occupied Territories of the USSR, 1941-1945. Armonk, NY, 1993. 

• Dubson, Vadim. “Ghettos in the Occupied Territories of the Russian Federation (1941–1942),” in Bulletin of the Jewish University, 3(21), 2000, pp. 157-184 (in Russian). 

• Dumitru, Diana. The State, Antisemitism, and Collaboration in the Holocaust: The Borderlands of Romania and the Soviet Union. New York: Cambridge University Press in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2016. 

• Dyukov, Aleksandr and Vyacheslav Selemenev, eds. With No Statute of Limitations. Belarus. Vitebsk Oblast: A Collection of Archival Documents and Materials. Minsk: NARB, Moscow: the "Historical Memory" Foundation, 2020 (in Russian)ю 

• Dyukov, Aleksandr and Vyacheslav Selemenev, eds. With No Statute of Limitations. Belarus. Grodno Oblast: A Collection of Archival Documents and Materials. Minsk: NARB, Moscow: the "Historical Memory" Foundation, 2021 (in Russian).       

• Dyukov, Aleksandr and Vyacheslav Selemenev, eds. With No Statute of Limitations. Belarus. Gomel Oblast: A Collection of Archival Documents and Materials. Minsk: NARB, Moscow: the "Historical Memory" Foundation, 2021 (in Russian).        

• Dyukov, Aleksandr and Vyacheslav Selemenev, eds. With No Statute of Limitations. Belarus. Mogilev Oblast: A Collection of Archival Documents and Materials. Minsk: NARB, Moscow: the "Historical Memory" Foundation, 2021 (in Russian).        

• Ehrenburg, Ilya and Vasily Grossman. The Black Book. New York: Holocaust Library, 1981. 

• Evstafieva, Tatyana and Vitaliy Nakhmanovich, Babi Yar: Humanity, State Power, History. Kiev: Vneshtorgizdat Ukrainy, 2004 (in Russian).  

• Eynhorn, Moyshe. “Notitsn vegn medzhibezher geto” (Memoirs from the Medzhibozh Ghetto), Sovetish Heymland (4), 1981 (Yiddish). 

• Ezergailis, Andrew. The Holocaust in Latvia 1941-1944: The Missing Center. Riga: The Historical Institute of Latvia; Washington: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 1996. 

• Fatal-Kna'ani, Tikva, It Is Not the Same Grodno: The Community of Grodno and Its Vicinity during the War and the Holocaust; 1939-1943. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2001 (in Hebrew). 

• Fatal-Kna'ani, Tikva, The Jews of Rivne, 1919-1945: The Life and Death of a Community. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2012 (in Hebrew). 

• Feferman, Kiril. “Nazi Germany and the Mountain Jews: Was There a Policy?” Holocaust and Genocide Studies 21, no. 1 (2007), pp. 96–114. 

• Feferman, Kiril. “Soviet Investigation of Nazi Crimes in the USSR: Documenting the Holocaust,” Journal of Genocide Research 5: 4 (2003), pp. 587–602. 

• Feferman, Kiril. The Holocaust in the Crimea and the North Caucasus. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2016. 

• Gerlach, Christian.  Kalkulierte Morde: Die deutsche Wirtschafts- und Vernichtungspolitik in Weissrussland 1941 bis 1944. Hamburg: Hamburger Edition, 1999. 

• Gil, Samuil, ed. Their Blood Still Speaks Today: About the Holocaust and Jewish Heroism in Towns and villages of Ukraine. New York, 1995 (in Russian). 

• Gon, Maksym. The Holocaust in Rivne Oblast (Documents and Materials). Dnipropetrovsk – Zaporizhzhya: Premier, 2004 (in Ukrainian).   

• ·Heim, Susanne, Ulrich Herbert, Michael Hollmann, Horst Möller, Dieter Pohl, Simone Walther, and Andreas Wirsching, eds. Die Verfolgung und Ermordung der europäischen Juden durch das nationalsozialistische Deutschland 1933-1945, vol. 7: Sowjetunion mit annektierten Gebieten I, ed. by Bert Hoppe and Hildrun Glass. Munchen: Oldenbourg Verlag Boston, 2011. 

• Heim, Susanne, Ulrich Herbert, Michael Hollmann, Horst Möller, Dieter Pohl, Simone Walther, and Andreas Wirsching, eds. Die Verfolgung und Ermordung der europäischen Juden durch das nationalsozialistische Deutschland 1933-1945, vol. 8: Sowjetunion mit annektierten Gebieten II, ed. by Bert Hoppe in collaboration with Imke Hansen and Martin Holler. Munchen: Oldenbourg Verlag, 2016. 

• Hicks, Jeremy. “‘Soul Destroyers’: Soviet Reporting of Nazi Genocide and Its Perpetrators at the Krasnodar and Khar’kov Trials.” History 98, no. 332 (October 2013), pp. 530–547. 

• Himka, John-Paul. “The Lviv Pogrom of 1941: The Germans, Ukrainian Nationalists, and the Carnival Crowd,” Canadian Slavonic Papers, 53:2–4 (2011), pp. 209–243. 

• Himka, John-Paul. Ukrainian Nationalists and the Holocaust.  OUN and UPA's Participation in the Destruction of Ukrainian Jewry, 1941-1944. Stuttgart: Ibidem., 2021.  

• Ioffe, Emanuil, Galina Knatko, and Viacheslav Selemenev. The Holocaust in Belarus, 1941–1942. Minsk: NARB, 2002 (in Russian). 

• Ivashchenko, Olena, Monuments and Memorial Places of the Holocaust in the Zhitomir Area during the Great Patriotic War. Polissya: Zhitomir, 2008 (in Ukrainian). 

• Iwens, Sidney. “How Dark the Heavens.” New York, 1992. 

• Jakulytė-Vasil, Milda. Lithuanian Holocaust Atlas. Vilnius: Vilna Gaon State Jewish Museum, 2011. 

• Jewish Burial Grounds of Ukraine: Cherkasy Region. Brussels: Lo Tishkach Foundation European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative, 2010. 

• Jewish Burial Grounds of Ukraine: Chernihiv Region. Brussels: Lo Tishkach Foundation European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative, 2011. 

• Jewish Burial Grounds of Ukraine: Dnipropetrovsk Region. Brussels: Lo Tishkach Foundation European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative, 2010. 

• Jewish Burial Grounds of Ukraine: Kyiv Region. Brussels: Lo Tishkach Foundation European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative, 2009. 

• Jewish Burial Grounds of Ukraine: Odesa Region. Brussels: Lo Tishkach Foundation European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative, 2010. 

• Kaganovich, Albert. The Long Life and Swift Death of Jewish Rechitsa: A Community in Belarus, 1625–2000. Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Press, 2013.  

• Kalustova G.D., A.G. Karapuzova, E.S. Rozenblat. Brest in 1941-1944, Occupation: Documents and Materials. Brest: Alternativa, 2016 (in Russian). 

• Klee, Ernst, Willi Dressen, and Volker Riess. “Those Were the Days”: The Holocaust Through the Eyes of the Perpetrators and Bystanders. London, 1991. 

• Klein, Peter, ed. Die Einsatzgruppen in der besetzten Sowjetunion 1941/42: Die Tätigkeits-und Lageberichte des Chefs der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD. Berlin:  Hentrich, 1997. 

• Kolpanitsky, Kopel. Sentenced to Life. London, 2007. 

•  Kopstein, Jeffrey S. and Jason Wittenberg. Anti-Jewish Pogroms on the Eve of the Holocaust. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2018. 

• Koval, Leonid. The Book of Salvation. Yurmala: Golfstrim, 1993 (in Russian). 

• Kruglov, Alexander, Andrei Umanskii, and Igor Shchupak. The Holocaust in Ukraine: Reichskommissariat Ukraine; The Transnistria Governorate.  Dnipro: Tkuma, 2016 (in Russian). 

• Kruglov, Alexander. “Annihilation of the Jews of the Smolensk and Bryansk Regions, 1941-1943,” Bulletin of the Jewish University, 7: 3, 1994, pp. 193-220 (in Russian). 

• Kruglov, Alexander. Annihilation of the Jewish Population of the Vinnitsa District, 1941-1944. Mogilev-Podolskii, 1997 (in Russian). 

• Kruglov, Alexander. Without Pity or Doubt: Documents about the Crimes of the Einsatzgruppen and the Units of the Security Police and SD in the Temporarily Occupied Territories of the USSR in 1941 – 1944. Dnepropetrovsk:  Tkuma, 2008 (in Russian). 

• Lenskis, Ilja, ed. Holocaust Commemoration in Latvia in the Course of Time, 1945–2015: Exhibition Catalogue. Riga: Museum “Jews in Latvia,” 2017. 

• Levin, Dov. Baltic Jews under the Soviets, 1940-1946. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 1994. 

• Levin, Judith and Daniel Uziel. “Ordinary Men, Extraordinary Photos,” Yad Vashem Studies, 26 (1998), pp. 280-293. 

• Levin, V. and D. Meltser. The Black Book with Red Pages. Baltimore, 1996 (in Russian). 

• Levinson, Yosif. The Book of Sorrow. Vilnius: VAGA, 1997. 

• Lower, Wendy. Nazi Empire-Building and the Holocaust in Ukraine. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2005. 

• Lubow, George. Escape. Universe Inc: New York, 2004. 

• Maksimovskaya, Lyudmila. The Earth Is Silent… In Memory of the Nevel Ghetto. St. Petersburg: Lema, 2015 (in Russian). 

• Mallmann, Klaus-Michael, Andrej Angrick, Jürgen Matthäus, and Martin Cüppers, eds. Die “Ereignismeldungen UdSSR” 1941: Dokumente der Einsatzgruppen in der Sowjetunion. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2011. 

• Meler, Meyer. Jewish Latvia, Sites to Remember: Latvian Jewish Communities Destroyed in the Holocaust. Tel Aviv: Association of Latvian and Estonian Jews in Israel, 2013. 

• Mick, Christoph. Lemberg, Lwow, L'viv, 1914-1947: Violence and Ethnicity in a Contested City. West Lafayette, Ind: Purdue University Press, 2016. 

• Mikahilyuk, Marina. We Have Lived through This. Kirovohrad Oblast and Its Residents in the Years of the Holocaust. Kirovograd, 2011 (in Ukrainian). 

• Nakhmanovich, Vitaliy, ed., Babi Yar: The Mass Murder and Its Memory. Materials of the International Scientific Conference of August 24-25, 2011. Kiev. Kiev: Ukrainskii tsentr vivchennya Golokostu, 2012 (in Russian and Ukrainian). 

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